Introduction
God has created a natural self cleaning and defence mechanism in females. Vagina and cervix contains glands and those glands host some of good bacterias. The main function of them is to clean and throw out the unwanted particles and microbes from it. This cleansing method is given a name called vaginal discharge(that sticky icky blotch ). Most of the time Vaginal discharge is completely normal. In some females its quite happen regularly too.
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| Pic credit- healthguide911.com |
But the question is how do you know that its normal or abnormal? Well you cannot go to doctors every time during discharge. So its necessary to know something about this to every female .
SYMPTOMS
Vaginal discharge is accompanied by
* Itching
* Burning
* Foul smell of discharge
* Unusual colour of discharge
* In some cases dysuria(difficult to pass urine) and dyspareunia(pain during sexual intercourse) can also be seen.
Read more: know PCOS causes and how can you tackle it .
Abnormal discharge
Most oftenly the discharge from vagina is governed by hormones and apart from it its due to Vaginal infection by different pathogens like bacteria, fungi, parasitic protozoans ,cancers etc. Usually normal vaginal discharge colour ranges from light greyish- colourless- creamy white and its without foul smell
Apart from such type of colour and smells other types of blotches can be appeared on underpants .for ex.
1. Greenish colour
This type of frothy discharge has
^ foul smell,
^ intense itching
^ dysuria
^ due to parasitic protozoans - Trichomonas vaginalis (transmitted during intercourse) Such colour indicates trichomoniasis infection.
2. Curdy white colour
This type of discharge has
^ intense itching on vagina and vulva
^ vulval excoriation can appear
^ caused by fungal species of candida resulting candidiasis.
3. Fishy smell or metallic colour
This discharge has
^ foul smell like ammonia
^ no itching
^ pH >4.5
due to bacterial infection causing bacterial vaginosis aka vaginitis.
4. Greenish or yellowish colour
Such colour blotch is seen when you are attacked by
^ Chlamydia and Gonorrhoea like pathogens
^ a sexually transmitted infection .
5. Red colour
* Red vaginal discharge occur basically when females is about to start menses.
* If its not then there may be internal injury or other chances of cervical Cancer, endometrial cancer etc.
6. Brownish colour
* Such type of discharge is just because of mixture of few blood (left during menses) with normal transparent discharge.
* It's due to Vaginal acidity and occurs mainly before or after menstrual cycle.
* If it's in the mid of cycle then it is supposed to be abnormal.
DISCHARGE DURING PREGNANCY
* As I mentioned it earlier our discharge type is physiologically depends on hormones (estrogen and progesterone).
^ Before ovulation estrogen has a control and discharge white colour mucus which is prominently seen with high Stretching ability at 14th day of 28th day menstruation.This is thin in nature.
^ After an ovulation control is given to progesterone. It makes endometrium secretory with thick type mucus and discharge. It resembles egg white type of discharge.
* During or at an early pregnancy vaginal discharge occurs frequently in order to prevent infection and other foreign bodies as cervix and vagina softens that time.
Treatment
Thes things can be prevented and treated by medications like
* Maintain intimate hygiene
* Don't use soap while cleaning vagina
* Cleaning vagina after intercourse
* Wearing dry undergarments
* Changing sanitary pads after 4-6 hours(avoid tampon during abnormal discharge).
* Antibiotics for bacterial vaginosis like tinidazole , metronidazole.
* Antifungal for fungal Candidiasis like clotrimazole, miconazole
* For STIs like Chlamydia- Azithromycin is advised and Gonorrhoea - ceftriaxone is preferred.
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